阐明化肥和有机肥配施生物质炭对根际/非根际土壤养分和氮赋存形态的影响,有助于农田氮的高效利用及科学管理.采用盆栽试验方法,设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、施有机肥(M)、化肥配施生物质炭(CFB)、有机肥配施生物质炭(MB)、新鲜有机肥配施生物质炭(FMB)6个处理,通过测定根际及非根际土壤养分含量和土壤氮赋存形态,阐明不同施肥处理对氮形态转化的影响.结果表明:与CK处理相比,MB处理提高非根际及根际土壤pH 0.32和0.28个单位,FMB处理提高根际土壤pH 0.63个单位;MB和FMB处理分别提高根际土壤有机质含量25.4％和84.9％,同时显著提高根际土壤全氮含量25.4％和50.9％,表现出明显的根际效应.施肥能显著提高土壤离子交换态氮(IEF-N)含量,以CF和CFB处理的效果最好.施用有机肥和生物质炭能显著提高土壤碳酸盐结合态氮(CF-N)含量,以M和MB处理效果最好,且CF-N存在根际富集效应.配施生物质炭(CFB、MB和FMB)处理能促进土壤非可转化态氮(NTF-N)向铁锰氧化物结合态氮(IMOF-N)和有机硫化物结合态氮(OSF-N)这两种活性更高的氮形态转化,其中IMOF-N和OSF-N分别占可转化态氮的35.9％～61.7％和26.7％～46.6％,是根际及非根际土壤可转化态氮(TF-N)的主要成分.因此,有机肥配施生物质炭是改善根际及非根际土壤养分和调控氮转化有效的方式.
[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the effects of fertilizer and organic fertilizer combined with biomass charcoal on the forms of nutrients and nitrogen in rhizosphere/non-rhizosphere soil,which is helpful for the efficient utilization and scientific management of farmland nitrogen.[Method]Taking the pot experiment of lemon as the research object,this paper set up six treatments:no fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer(CF),manure(M),chemical fertilizer with biomass charcoal(CFB),manure with biomass charcoal(MB)and fresh manure with biomass charcoal(FMB).By measuring the changes of nutrient content in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils and the transformation of soil nitrogen storage forms,the effects of organic fertilizer combined with biomass charcoal on the forms of soil nutrients and nitrogen in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere were studied.[Result]The results showed that compared with CK treatment,MB treatment increased non rhizosphere and rhizosphere soil pH by 0.32 and 0.28 units,and FMB treatment increased rhizosphere soil pH by 0.63 units;MB and FMB treatments increased the content of organic matter in rhizosphere soil by 25.4％and 84.9％respectively,and significantly increased the content of total nitrogen in rhizosphere soil by 25.4％and 50.9％,showing obvious rhizosphere effect.Fertilization can significantly increase the content of soil ion-exchange nitrogen(IEF-N),and CF and CFB treatments had the best effect.Applying manure and biomass charcoal can significantly increase the content of carbonate-bound nitrogen(CF-N)in soil,and M and MB treatments are the best,and CF-N has a rhizosphere enrichment effect.The combined application of biomass charcoal(CFB,MB and FMB)can promote the transformation of soil non-convertible nitrogen(NTF-N)to two more active nitrogen forms,iron manganese oxide bound nitrogen(IMOF-N)and organic sulfide bound nitrogen(OSF-N).IMOF-N and OSF-N account for 35.9％-61.7％and 26.7％-46.6％of convertible nitrogen,respectively,and are the main components of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils convertible nitrogen(TF-N).[Conclusion]Therefore,manure combined with biomass charcoal is an effective way to improve rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil nutrients and regulate nitrogen transformation.
李越;王颖;熊子怡;谢军;王子芳;高明
西南大学资源环境学院,重庆 400715重庆市规划与自然资源局,重庆 401147
农业科学
有机肥;生物质炭;根际土;非根际土;土壤养分;氮形态
Manure;Biomass charcoal;Rhizosphere soil;Non-rhizosphere soil;Soil nutrients;Nitrogen form
《土壤学报》 2024 (002)
495-505 / 11
国家自然科学基金项目(42177019)资助 Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42177019)
10.11766/trxb202206200331
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