反铁电材料由于电场诱导的反铁电-铁电相变而在高性能介质储能电容器应用中显示出极大的潜力.然而,场致相变带来大的极化滞后使得反铁电材料难以同时获得高储能密度(Wrec)和高储能效率(η).本工作通过在0.76NaNbO3-0.24(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3中引入第三组元Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3调控其弛豫特性,改善了NaNbO3基无铅反铁电陶瓷的储能性能.采用传统固相合成法制备了(0.76-x)NaNbO3-0.24(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-x Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 无铅弛豫反铁电陶瓷材料,并研究了该材料的相结构、微观形貌以及介电、储能和充放电特性.结果表明,引入 Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3在不改变基体反铁电正交 R 相结构的基础上明显增强了陶瓷的介电弛豫特性,显著减小了陶瓷的极化滞后性.特别是在x=0.050 组成中实现了具有极低滞后的类线性电滞回线.同时,陶瓷的显微形貌还得到明显改善,介电常数降低,击穿场强显著提高.因此,x=0.050的组成在30 kV/mm的中等电场下同时获得了高的储能密度Wrec=3.5 J/cm3与储能效率η=93%.此外,x=0.050组成还显示出优异的充放电特性,在20 kV/mm下具有高功率密度PD=131(1±1%)MW/cm3、高放电能量密度WD=1.66(1±6%)J/cm3 以及快的放电速率t0.9<290 ns.该充放电特性在 25～125℃的宽温区内保持良好的稳定性.这些研究结果表明,0.71NaNbO3-0.24(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.050Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 陶瓷是一种非常有应用潜力的高功率储能电容器介质材料.
Antiferroelectric(AFE)materials exhibit great potential in the application of high-performance dielectric energy storage capacitors due to their electric field-induced AFE-ferroelectric(FE)phase transition.However,the large hysteresis of field-induced phase transition makes it difficult to simultaneously achieve high energy-storage density(Wrec)and efficiency(η)for AFEs.This work improved the energy-storage performance of NaNbO3-based lead-free AFE ceramics by introducing the third group Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 into 0.76NaNbO3-0.24(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 to regulate its relaxation characteristics.Novel lead-free AFE ceramics,(0.76-x)NaNbO3-0.24(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-xBi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3,were prepared by a traditional solid-state reaction method.Their phase structure and microstructure as well as dielectric,energy-storage,and charge-discharge characteristics were studied.The results indicated that introduction of Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 obviously enhanced the dielectric relaxor behavior of the matrix without changing its AFE R-phase structure,which led to the significantly reduced polarization hysteresis.Especially,a linear-like polarization-field hysteresis loop with extremely-low hysteresis was obtained in the composition of x=0.050.At the same time,microstructure of the ceramic was effectively optimized,its dielectric constant decreased,and its breakdown strength had significant enhanced.As a result,a high Wrec=3.5 J/cm3 and a high η=93%were simultaneously achieved under a moderate electric field of 30 kV/mm in the x=0.050 ceramic.Moreover,the x=0.050 ceramic also exhibited excellent charge-discharge characteristics with a high-power density PD=131(1±1%)MW/cm3,a high discharge energy density WD=1.66(1±6%)J/cm3 and a fast discharge rate t0.9<290 ns at 20 kV/mm.The charge-discharge properties maintained good stability within a wide temperature range of 25-125℃.These results indicate that 0.71NaNbO3-0.24(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.050Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 ceramics can be expected to be applied in high-power energy-storage capacitors.
石睿健;雷俊伟;张祎;谢爱文;左如忠
安徽工程大学 材料科学与工程学院, 先进陶瓷研究中心, 芜湖 241000
化学工程
无铅陶瓷;反铁电;介电弛豫;储能性能;充放电特性
lead-free ceramic;antiferroelectric;relaxor behavior;energy-storage property;charge-discharge characteristic
《无机材料学报》 2024 (004)
423-431 / 9
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3807403);安徽省高校创新团队项目(2022AH010058);国家自然科学基金(52302131);安徽省自然科学基金(2308085QE140)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3807403);Innovation Team Project in Universities and Colleges(2022AH010058);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52302131);Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(2308085QE140)
10.15541/jim20230486
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