Targeted metabolomic analysis was conducted on juvenile Chinook salmon exposed for 10 days to wastewater effluent(WWE)from a large urban treatment plant.Exposures included five dilutions of WWE(20％,5.3％,1.4％,0.4％,and 0.1％)and a control with 7 replicates per treatment.Liver was extracted from fish and analyzed via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)for 361 endogenous metabolites,of which 185 were detected.Control-versus-treatment comparisons identified several metabolites that were associated with altered biochemical pathways observed for all treatments,including several that are important for energy generation and utilization.These altered pathways are crucial for fish health and may be an early indicator of potential adverse effects on growth,reproduction,behavior,and immune function.Juvenile ocean-type Chinook salmon spend several days to weeks in the nearshore estuary where they may encounter high concentrations of WWE contaminants.They are exposed to a wide range of potent pharmaceuticals,personal care products,and in-dustrial compounds from WWE that have the potential to affect physiological homeostasis and disrupt their normal life cycle.
James P.Meador;Suzanne C.Ball;C.Andrew James;Jenifer K.McIntyre
Dept of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences,School of Public Health,4225 Roosevelt Way NE,Suite 100,Seattle,WA,98105-6099,USAWashington State University,School of the Environment Puyallup Research and Extension Center,2606 W Pioneer Ave,Puyallup,WA,98371,USAUniversity of Washington Tacoma,Center for Urban Waters,326 East D Street,Tacoma,WA,98421-1801,USA
Wastewater effluent;Metabolomics;Physiology;Chinook salmon;Pharmaceuticals;Metabolic pathways;Estuary
《渔业学报（英文）》 2024 (003)
367-377 / 11
We would like to acknowledge the excellent support and guidance of the Wastewater Treatment Division of the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks in addition to the King County Council for funding support(King County Contract # 6113841).We would also like to express our gratitude to Dan Raftery and Danijel Djukovic of The Northwest Metabolomics Research Center at the University of Wash-ington,Seattle and NIH grant number 1S10OD021562-01.We would also like to thank the Puyallup Tribe of Indians for donating fish used in this experiment.Additionally,we are grateful for assistance in the lab study from King County Environmental Laboratories and a dedicated group of students and staff at WSU PREC(Jill Wetzel,Stephanie Blair,Chelsea Mitchell,Lane Maguire,Garrett Foster,Ben Leonard)and the University of Washington Tacoma(Craig Rideout and Hayley Mathews).
10.1016/j.aaf.2023.06.008
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