植物中金属纳米粒子的转运与转化机制研究进展OA

The extensive use of metal nanoparticles(MNPs)has posed significant risks to the ecological environment and has raised widespread concerns.Although there have been studies on the toxicity of metal nanoparticles to plants and their absorption by plants,the transport and transformation mechanisms of MNPs in plants have not been systematically clarified.The transport mechanisms of MNPs in the xylem and phloem of higher plants are systematically described,as well as their dissolution and chemical transformation mechanisms within plant tissues.Also,the factors influencing the transport and transformation of MNPs in plants are discussed.The findings indicate that:(1)MNPs initially adsorb onto the roots or leaves of plants and then transfer internally through apoplastic or symplastic pathways;(2)Plant transformation mechanisms for MNPs primarily include dissolution,chemical conversion,and biological conversion(enzyme degradation,protein functionalization,etc.);(3)Complex environmental factors such as particle type,size,surface charge,plant species,etc.,can affect the transport and morphological transformation of MNPs in plants.This review aims to provide a reference for the ecological management of soil contaminated with MNPs and the assessment of their risks to human health.