以2000-2021年广东省海水养殖数据为基础,通过时序统计、行业集中度指数、区位熵指数等方法,分析了广东省22年来海水养殖产业数据的时序变化、空间差异和分布格局,揭示了广东省海水养殖时空变化特征.结果表明:2000-2021年,广东省海水养殖区域总体呈现先分散、后连片、再逐渐向西部集中的变化趋势;在海水养殖总面积阶段性下降的同时,养殖总产量波动增长,单产水平也随之增长;全省海水养殖产量排名前4位的地市由阳江、茂名、湛江和江门市(2000-2007年)转变为湛江、阳江、茂名和汕尾市(2008-2021年);2021年,阳江和茂名市是广东省海水养殖高水平单产城市,分别为35.69和32.83 t/hm2;湛江市是广东省海水养殖面积和养殖产量最大的地市,养殖面积占全省的33.86%,但湛江市海水养殖单产始终低于16 t/hm2,处于较低单产水平.在海水养殖区位熵分析中,2003-2021年间,区位熵始终大于1的地市有3个,占海水养殖全部城市的21.43%,分别是汕尾、阳江和湛江市;平均值大于1的地市有7个,占海水养殖全部城市的50.00%,分别是汕头、惠州、汕尾、阳江、湛江、茂名和潮州市.综上,2000-2021年,广东省海水养殖产业存在明显的时空分布变化特征;粤西地区部分地市仍存在单产较低的现象,因此广东省在充分利用区位优势调控海水产养殖产业分布格局的同时,应提高养殖主产区的养殖效率,进而带动全省渔业产业高质量发展,为广东省海水养殖产业结构调整和布局优化提供参考.
Based on a comprehensive analysis of mariculture industry data in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2021,this study used time series statistics,industry concentration index,location entropy index and change detection methods to examine the temporal dynamics,spatial variations and distribution patterns of the mariculture industry to reveal spatiotemporal changes in the region over the past 22 years.The results show that over the past 22 years,mariculture in Guangdong Province initially dispersed,followed by a period of contiguity,and ultimately exhibited a concentration trend towards the western region.The total area dedicated to mariculture exhibited a decline,while the aggregate output demonstrated fluctuations,and the yield per unit area exhibited an increment.The shift in the ranking of the top four provinces in marine aquaculture production from Yangjiang,Maoming,Zhanjiang,and Jiangmen cities during 2000～2007 to Zhanjiang,Yangjiang,Maoming,and Shanwei cities during 2008～2021)has been observed.Among the cities in Guangdong Province,Yangjiang and Maoming possess the highest mariculture yield per unit area,with values of 35.69 t/hm2 and 32.83 t/hm2,respectively.Zhanjiang City of Guangdong Province,which has the largest mariculture area and output,contributes 33.86%to the total area.Nonetheless,the per unit yield of mariculture in Zhanjiang City consistently remains below 16 t/hm2,which is at a low yield level.In the analysis of mariculture location entropy,three cities consistently demonstrated a location entropy exceeding 1,accounting for 21.43%of all mariculture cities:Shanwei,Yangjiang and Zhanjiang.The average location entropy of seven cities exceeded 1,representing 50%of the total number of mariculture cities:Shantou,Huizhou,Shanwei,Yangjiang,Zhanjiang,Maoming,and Chaozhou.Therefore,it is recommended that Guangdong should capitalizeon its geographical advantages to regulate the distribution of this industry,while concurrently enhance the efficiency of aquaculture in key production areas to facilitate high-quality development of the fishery in Guangdong province.The study provides a reference for the structural adjustment and layout optimization of Marine aquaculture industry in Guangdong Province.
王思盼;冯珊珊;曹阳;王靖杰
广东省农业科学院 农业经济与信息研究所/农业农村部华南都市农业重点实验室,广东 广州 510640
水产学
海水养殖;时空变化;广东省;养殖面积;单产
Mariculture;Temporal and spatial variation;Guangdong Province;Aquaculture area;Yield per unit area
《江西农业学报》 2024 (001)
114-121 / 8
广东省驻镇帮镇扶村农村科技特派员项目(KTP20210193);广东省广州市基础与应用基础研究项目"基于深度学习和群体特征的水产种苗分选时机确定方法研究"(20221477);广东省农业科学院青年科学基金重点项目"基于时序图像的小池精养锦鲤发育敏感期体色发育动态监测与识别方法研究"(202102);广东省农业科学院创新基金——产业专项项目(202309);广东省广州市哲学社会科学发展"十四五"规划2022年度共建课题(2021GZGJ26).
10.19386/j.cnki.jxnyxb.2024.01.017
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