目的:分析高原低氧下妊娠大鼠胎盘组织中葡萄糖转运体1(GLUT1)的表达及其对胎鼠发育的影响.方法:将20只妊娠大鼠随机分为常氧组和低氧组,妊娠第9天常氧组常规饲养(平均海拔2 200 m),低氧组饲养于低压氧舱(模拟海拔5 000 m),2组妊娠大鼠饲养至妊娠21 d尾静脉采血测定空腹血糖,留取腹主动脉血ELISA法测量血清胰岛素浓度,取出胎盘和胚胎,比较常氧组和低氧组胎盘质量、胎鼠体质量及身长,H-E染色光镜下观察2组胎盘结构,分别采用RT-qPCR和免疫组织化学检测妊娠大鼠胎盘组织中GLUT1 mRNA和蛋白的表达情况,分析胎鼠体质量及身长与妊娠大鼠空腹血糖、胎盘GLUT1蛋白相对表达量的相关性.结果:与常氧组相比,低氧组妊娠大鼠空腹血糖下降,血清胰岛素浓度升高;低氧组胎盘质量无变化,低氧组胎鼠体质量及身长降低.光镜下观察,低氧组滋养细胞排列紊乱,细胞间隙增宽,毛细血管扩张,可见大量红细胞.低氧组妊娠大鼠胎盘组织中GLUT1 mRNA的表达上调;GLUT1阳性细胞分布于滋养细胞、红细胞,主要位于细胞膜,且低氧组GLUT1蛋白表达水平增高.Pearson相关性分析显示胎鼠体质量与妊娠大鼠空腹血糖呈正相关,胎鼠身长与胎盘GLUT1蛋白相对表达量呈负相关.结论:在高原低氧下,妊娠大鼠胎盘组织中GLUT1的表达上调,并且影响胎鼠的生长发育.
Objective:To analyze the expression of glucose transporter 1(GLUT1)in placental tissues of pregnant rats under plateau hypoxia and its effect on the growth and development of fetal rats.Methods:Twenty pregnant rats were randomly divided into normoxic group and hypoxic group.On the 9th day of pregnancy,the normoxic group was housed in Xining city,Qinghai province(average altitude 2 200 m),while the hypoxic group was housed in a hypobaric oxygen chamber(simulated altitude 5 000 m).The two groups of pregnant rats were kept until day 21 of gestation.Blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta and tail vein to determine fasting blood glucose(FBG).The serum insulin concentration of pregnant rats was measured by ELISA method.Placentas and embryos were collected for the comparisons of the weights of the placentas and fetal rats,as well as the length of fetal rats between the two groups.The placental structure of the pregnant rats in the two groups was observed under light microscopy after H-E staining,and the expression levels of GLUT1 mRNA and protein in placental tissues were detected by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry,respectively.The correlation between fetal rat weight and length with the FBG level and the relative expression of placental GLUT1 protein in pregnant rats was analyzed.Results:Compared with the normoxic group,the FBG level of pregnant rats in the hypoxic group was decreased and the serum insulin concentration was increased.The placental weight of the hypoxic group did not change,and the weight and length of fetal rats in the hypoxic group were decreased.Under the light microscopy,disordered arrangement of trophoblasts,widened intercellular space,and dilated capillaries with a large number of red blood cells were observed in the hypoxic group.The expression of GLUT1 mRNA in placental tissues of pregnant rats in the hypoxic group was up-regulated.The GLUT1-positive cells were distributed in trophoblasts and erythrocytes,mainly in the cell membrane,and the expression level of GLUT1 protein in the hypoxic group was increased.Pearson correlation analysis showed that fetal rat weight was positively correlated with FBG level in pregnant rats,while fetal rat length was negatively correlated with the relative expression of placental GLUT1 protein.Conclusion:The expression of GLUT1 in placental tissues of pregnant rats is up-regulated under plateau hypoxia,which subsequently affects the growth of fetal rats.
陈文静;李建华;王雪妮;李丹;刘长钊
青海大学医学部人体解剖学教研室,西宁 810016
高原低氧;妊娠大鼠;葡萄糖转运体1;空腹血糖;胎盘;胎鼠;发育
plateau hypoxia;pregnant rat;glucose transporter 1;fasting blood glucose;placenta;fetal rat;development
《解剖学杂志》 2023 (006)
492-496 / 5
青海省科技厅项目(2019-SF-134)
10.3969/j.issn.1001-1633.2023.06.005
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