[目的]龙骨骨折(keel bone fracture,KBF)已成为影响蛋鸡健康和生产的重要福利问题.试验旨在评估产蛋期龙骨骨折的发生与否对产蛋后期的蛋鸡恐惧行为、生产性能和蛋品质的影响.[方法]选取60周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡和林甸鸡各100只,单笼饲养于传统叠层式鸡笼.利用触诊和便携式X光仪区分龙骨骨折蛋鸡和未骨折蛋鸡,通过紧张不动性测试(TI)、旷场试验(OFT)和惊吓反射试验(SRT)依次测量恐惧行为反应,并测定68周龄时蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质.[结果]在TI试验中,2个品种龙骨骨折蛋鸡的紧张不动时长显著高于正常蛋鸡(P＜0.05).在OFT试验中,龙骨骨折的海兰褐蛋鸡和林甸鸡在穿过的格子数、步数和在外圈停留的时间均显著低于正常蛋鸡(P＜0.05),在内圈停留的时间显著高于正常蛋鸡(P＜0.05),且骨折的海兰褐蛋鸡的运动潜伏期显著高于正常蛋鸡(P＜0.05).在SRT试验中,龙骨骨折蛋鸡惊吓反射总得分显著低于正常蛋鸡(P＜0.05).因此,龙骨骨折蛋鸡的恐惧行为反应较强烈.2个品种龙骨骨折蛋鸡的产蛋率显著低于正常蛋鸡(P＜0.05),且骨折的海兰褐蛋鸡蛋形指数低于正常蛋鸡(P＜0.05),其余蛋品质参数在骨折蛋鸡和正常蛋鸡中无显著性差异(P＞0.05).[结论]龙骨骨折加剧了蛋鸡的恐惧行为反应,降低了产蛋后期蛋鸡的福利水平和生产性能.
[Objective]Keel bone fracture(KBF)is one of the important welfare problems for health and production of laying hens.This study was aimed to assess responses of fear behavior,production performance and egg quality of laying hens in later laying period with or without KBF.[Method]At 60-week-age,a total of 100 Hyline Brown laying hens and Lindian chickens were selected and housed individually in traditional battery cage.The experimental subjects were divided into keel fractured and unfractured laying hens by palpation and portable X-ray.The fear behavioral responses of laying hens were detected sequentially by tonic immobility(TI)tests,open field tests(OFT)and startle reflex tests(SRT).The production performance and egg quality of laying hens at 68 weeks of age were detemined.[Result]In TI test,the elevated duration time of laying hens with KBF from two breeds were significantly higher than that of normal laying hens(P＜0.05).In OFT test,the number of areas entered,steps and time spent in the outer zone of Lindian chickens and Hyline Brown laying hens with KBF were significantly lower than that of normal laying hens(P＜0.05),and the time spent in the inner zone of laying hens with KBF were significantly higher than that of normal laying hens(P＜0.05).The movement latency of fractured Hyline Brown laying hens were significantly higher than that of normal laying hens(P＜0.05).In SRT test,the total score of startle reflex of two laying breeds with KBF was significantly lower than that of normal laying hens(P＜0.05).Therefore,the responses of fear behavior of laying hens with KBF station were stronger.The laying rate of laying hens with KBF was significantly lower than that of normal laying hens in two varieties(P＜0.05).The egg shape index of fractured Hyline Brown laying hens was significantly lower than that of normal laying hens(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in other egg quality parameters between fractured and normal laying hens(P＞0.05).[Conclusion]KBF increased the responses of fear behavior,and reduced the welfare quality and production performance of laying hens at the later laying period.
张家麒;张润祥;杨凯淇;张静怡;王晓旭;王野;王蕊;于翰林;陈艳青;包军
东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,农业农村部鸡遗传育种重点实验室,哈尔滨 150030
畜牧业
蛋鸡;龙骨骨折;恐惧行为;生产性能;动物福利
laying hens;keel bone fracture(KBF);fear behavior;production performance;animal welfare
《中国畜牧兽医》 2024 (001)
86-95 / 10
国家自然科学基金(32272928、31972608);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2022C032);东北农业大学大学生SIPT训练计划项目(X202210224013)
10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.01.009
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