为探究高能电子束辐照对黄精的影响,以未辐照样品为对照,研究不同剂量(2、4、6、8、10 kGy)电子束辐照对黄精微生物含量、水分、总灰分、浸出物及色泽、挥发性物质的影响.结果表明,经2 kGy剂量辐照,黄精中微生物总数降低至《中国药典》要求限度;随着剂量增加,辐照杀菌效果更好.辐照对黄精水分和总灰分含量无显著影响(P＞0.05).辐照剂量≥ 4 kGy时,黄精浸出物含量、色度黄蓝值(b*值)和饱和度显著增加(P＜0.05),但不影响总色泽.辐照对黄精主要挥发性成分无明显影响,但在一定剂量下,会加速芳香成分、氮氧化合物、甲烷物质及醇类、醛酮类化合物挥发;主成分分析及线性判别分析表明,2 kGy剂量辐照对黄精挥发性影响最小.综合分析,2 kGy剂量高能电子束辐照能有效杀灭黄精中的微生物,且对其水分、总灰分、浸出物、色泽及挥发性成分无显著影响.
To investigate the effects of high-energy electron beam irradiation on Polygonati rhizoma,the influence of irradiation at dif-ferent doses(2,4,6,8,10 kGy)on the microbial load,moisture,total ash,extracts,color,and volatile components of P.rhizoma were evaluated,with unirradiated samples as the control.The results showed that irradiation by electron beam at 2 kGy reduced the micro-bial load lower than the limit value by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.With the increase of irradiation dose,the sterilization effect was im-proved,while irradiation had no significant effect on the moisture and total ash content(P＞0.05).When the irradiation dose was or greater than 4 kGy,the extract content increased significantly(P＜0.05),so did the b*value and chroma saturation,but not the color.Irradiation did not exert significant effects on the main volatile components of P.rhizoma,but in a certain dose range it accelerated the volatilization of aromatic components,nitrogen oxides,methane,alcohols,aldehydes,and ketones.Principal component analysis and lin-ear discriminant analysis showed that irradiation of 2 kGy had the least effect on the volatility of P.rhizoma.In conclusion,the irradiation of 2 kGy by high-energy electron beam can effectively reduce microbial load but no significant influence on the moisture,total ash,ex-tract,color,and volatility of P.rhizoma.
徐攀;许竞地;陈谦;邱娅璐;高鹏
四川省原子能研究院,四川成都,610101||辐照保藏四川省重点实验室,四川成都,610101
黄精;高能电子束;辐照;微生物
Polygonati rhizoma;high-energy electron beam;irradiation;microbial load
《食品与发酵工业》 2024 (001)
67-72 / 6
四川省科技计划项目(2022JDRC0120,2023JDRC0042,2022YFQ0044,2022NSFSC0593)
10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.034986
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