碳中和目标下多功能森林经营的生态补偿单位和碳汇补偿路径分析

Under the current demand for carbon sinks and forest quality enhancement,the traditional forest classification management of commercial forests and ecological public forests is not clear to lead to the goal of carbon sinks,and ecosystem multifunctionality provides new perspectives on forest management,the goal of multifunctional forest goal management has prompted China to change its forest management mode from the previous dichotomous mode to three types of forest management in a more detailed way.The"multifunctional forest"provides the possibility to explore more diversified forest management methods and to meet the objectives of multiple benefits,including carbon sinks.Therefore multifunctional forest requires effective compensation for forest ecological benefits and carbon sinks to incentivise multifunctional management measures.This study focuses on multifunctional forests,on the one hand,it analyses multiple units of forest ecological benefits compensation under the government's compensation system,analyses the incentives of units for multifunctional management measures to enhance carbon sink capacity,finally concludes that the volume increment is an effective factor and unit for evaluating forests multifunctionality and ecouraging carbon sink capacity.On the other hand,we explored the feasibility of forest carbon sink value compensation path as a market-based value realisation for multifunctional forest management,in which we analysed the characteristics of carbon sink value realisation paths such as carbon ticket,carbon bank,and carbon universal benefit in terms of the value transformation method,compensation scope,compensation target,and accounting method,so as to provide reference for implementing carbon sink compensation to ecourage multifunctional forests.Multifunctional forest management requires diversified compensation paths,and this study can provide a basis for the incentives for the compensation of multifunctional forest management in China.