多组学揭示松材线虫的抗逆性和致病性

[Objective]The pine wood nematode(PWN)Bursaphelenchus xylophilusis one of the most dangerous and destructive pests in in global forest ecosystems.The genetic basis for its stress resistance and pathogenicity has not been elucidated.This work provides valuable information for better understanding the molecular mechanisms of environmental adaptability and pathogenicity of B.xylophilus and facilitates the prevention and control of pine wilt disease.[Method]Here,we compare the genomes of 9 nematode species,including two de novo genome assemblies for B.xylophilus and B.mucronatus.Our results show that B.xylophilus originated～29 million years ago.Functional validation of three family genes(BolA,DGAT and PLCP)was verified by molecular biology techniques.[Results]Within B.xylophilus,a wide range of gene families rapidly expanded,including BolA-like superfamily,diacylglycerol acyltransferasea and papain-like cysteine peptidase.The three BolA-like genes encoding B.xylophilus have been identified as stress response genes,enabling adaptation to survive under adverse growth conditions.And we demonstrate that two DGAT genes are crucial for lipid synthesis in B.xylophilus,playing an important role in resisting starvation and cold.Additionally,three PLCP genes in B.xylophilus can suppress the immune response of pine trees,facilitating the nematode's infection of pine trees.[Conclusion]The three families of genes,BolA,DGAT and PLCP,play very important roles in the environmental adaptation and pathogenicity of B.xylophilus.