三江源国家公园旅游碳排放研究

The Sanjiangyuan,one of the first group national parks established in China,is an important part of the ecological security barrier of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,as well as a sensitive area and an area of significant impact of global climate change.As one of the important functions of the national park,recreation is a major way to realize the public welfare for all.The vulnerability of the ecological environment determines that the Sanjiangyuan National Park needs to plan scientifically,improve the ecotourism system,clarify the characteristics of the total carbon emissions and structure of the tourism industry,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the future of ecotourism.It is significant for responding to China's dual-carbon goals and promoting the sustainable development of ecotourism in national parks.Taking Sanjiangyuan National Park as the study area,based on the theory of Life Cycle Assessment(LCA),the innovative use of mobile phone signal data,and the adoption of the tourism carbon emission measurement model,this study calculated the carbon emissions from transportation,catering,tourism activities,and accommodation in the Yangtze River Source Park,the Lancang River Source Park,and the Yellow River Source Park.The spatial and temporal characteristics of the main carbon footprints of tourism activities and their influence mechanisms were explored to provide data support and decision-making basis for improving ecotourism in Sanjiangyuan National Park.The study found that tourism sources mainly come from neighboring provinces and the eastern region,and there are some differences in the distribution of sources in each park.The gender composition of tourists is skewed in favor of males,with an approximate male to female ratio of 3∶1.The number of days visited is highest for two-day tours.The tourism hotspot area of the Yangtze River Source Park is mainly located in the east of the park and distributed along the east side of National Highway G109.The tourism hotspot area of the Lancangjiang River Source Park is mainly located in the natural experience area of Dacang Valley in the east of the park,with a small number of them distributed in villages such as Aduo Township in the west and regularly distributed along the roads.The tourism hotspot area of the Yellow River Source Park is more discrete and characterized by the gathering of attractions in addition to the distribution along the roads.The tourist hotspot areas in the Yellow River Source Park are more discrete,and are characterized by the gathering of attractions in addition to the distribution along the roads.The total carbon emission from tourism in Sanjiangyuan National Park is 168,014 kgCO2,of which the total carbon emission from tourism in the Yellow River Source Park is 702,460 kgCO2,which is higher than the other two parks.The Lancang River Source Parkhas the highest per capita carbon emission of 54.18 kgCO2/pep,which is related to the tourism activities and resource consumption involved.The Yellow River Source Park had the highest daily per capita carbon emission of 15.36 kgCO2/day.The Yangtze River Source Park has the highest per capita carbon emissions from transportation,the Yellow River Source Park has the highest per capita carbon emissions from food and beverage,and the Lancang River Source Park has the highest per capita carbon emissions from tourism activities and per capita carbon emissions from lodging.Based on the above analysis,carbon emission reduction countermeasures for ecotourism in Sanjiangyuan National Park are proposed in terms of advocating group tourism,using clean energy,regulating tourists'behaviors,making full use of existing facilities,and optimizing tourism routes and products.