2个文冠果新品种种皮颜色非靶向代谢组分析

[Objective]The purpose was to analyze the reasons for the obvious differences in seed coat color between two new Xanthoceras sorbifolia varieties,Feidou(scarlet seed coat)and Jin Po(orange seed coat).[Methods]Qualitative and relative quantitative analysis of seed coat metabolome of two new varieties of X.sorbifolia and one control variety ck(black seed coat)were carried out by GC-MS in positive ion mode and negative ion mode,respectively(mobile phase A:0.1%formic acid aqueous solution;The mobile phase B:0.1%acetonitrile formate).and the original data collected by MassLynx V4.2 were used for online identification in METLIN database,public database and self-built database of Biomarker co,ltd..The identified components were analyzed by principal component analysis,differential component analysis,differential component metabolic pathway analysis and pigment component analysis. [Conclusion]A total of 22,427 peak components were detected and 3,910 components were successfully identified.Among them,1168 components were identified by negative ion mode and 2742 components were identified by positive ion mode.Principal component analysis showed that the characteristic values of the first and second principal components were 53.36%and 35.95%respectively,and the cumulative contribution rate was 89.31%.Metabolite annotation analysis was carried out on the different components,including 280 primary metabolic pathways in KEGG database,including biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,biodegradation and metabolism of exogenous biomass,terpenoid and polyketone metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,signal transduction,etc.Lipidmaps database annotated 35 metabolic pathways,including fatty acyls,glycerollipids,glycerolphospholipids,polyketone compound,isoprenol lipid,sphingolipids and sterols.[Conclusion]A total of 22,427 peak components were detected and 3,910 components were successfully identified,including 1,168 components identified by negative ion mode and 2,742 components identified by positive ion mode.Principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the first and second principal components were 53.36%and 35.95%,respectively,and the cumulative contribution rate was 89.31%.The separation between groups of Feidou,Jinpo and ck could be found from first and the second principal component was great,indicating that there were significant differences among the components of the three varieties.Metabolite annotation analysis was carried out on the different components,including 280 primary metabolic pathways in KEGG database,including biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,biodegradation and metabolism of exogenous biomass,terpenoid and polyketone metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,signal transduction,etc.Lipidmaps database annotated 35 metabolic pathways,including fatty acyls,glycerollipids,glycerolphospholipids,polyketone compound,isoprenol lipid,sphingolipids and sterols.Based on multivariate analysis of the variable importance projection(VIP,VIP≥1)of OPLS-DA model,the metabolites with differences among different varieties were preliminarily screened,and then,the metabolites with differences were further screened by combining the p-value(P value<0.05)and the fold change(FC threshold is 2)of univariate analysis.Compared with ck,feidou up-regulated 1289 components and down-regulated 1677 components.Compared with jinpo,feidou has 1152 up-regulated components and 1499 down-regulated components.Compared with ck,jinpo has 1348 up-regulated components and 1603 down-regulated components.A total of 140 kinds of flavonoids were found by analyzing the related components.Except for ginkgo flavone,kaempferide,epigallocatechin gallate EGCG,neopsoralen isoflavone and tectoridin,the other 135 kinds showed significant differences,including 5 kinds of anthocyanins,2 kinds of biflavonoids and multiflavonoids,11 kinds of chalcones and dihydrochalcones,4 kinds of coumarins and 11 kinds of flavanones.There are 8 kinds of flavans,flavanols and colorless anthocyanins,71 kinds of flavonoids and flavonol compounds,4 kinds of procyanidins,3 kinds of pterostigmine,3 kinds of rotenone,13 kinds of isoflavones and 2 kinds of other flavonoids,All kinds of flavonoids have different contents.Further analysis showed that there were five kinds of anthocyanins,including mallow pigment-3-(p-coumaroyl)-rutinoside-5-glucoside,gentian delphinidin,paeoniflorin 3-O-glucoside,delphinidin rutinoside and cyanidin.The contents of feidou and jinpo gentiopicrin in each anthocyanin component were significantly higher than those in the other four components,but significantly lower than CK.Among other components,the mallow glycoside feidou was slightly higher than jinpo,while jinpo was slightly higher than ck,and the difference was not significant.However,the paeoniflorin glycoside feidou was higher than jinpo and significantly higher than ck.However,the cyanidin feidou was higher than jinpo but significantly lower than ck.In addition,X.sorbifolia seed coat also contains some red pigments and yellow pigment.The red pigments include amaranthin,purpurin,phycoerythrin and capsanthin.The yellow pigments include bilirubin,6-Deoxyjacareubin,lutein,curcumin monoglucoside,fustin,all-trans-4-oxoretinoic acid and theaflavins.It is speculated that this may be the reason why Jinpo is orange and feidou is scarlet.