基于生境修复与提升的森林经营方案编制研究—以韩家园林场为例

[Objective]The study aims to explore and establish an innovative forest management measure, habitat restoration and enhancement, targeting the creation of a healthy, stable, high-quality, and efficient forest ecosystem at the Hanjiayuan Forest Farm. Contrary to traditional forest management methods focusing merely on promoting tree growth, this measure emphasizes the overall function of forest ecosystems and biodiversity conservation. The ultimate goal is to develop a novel forest management model that can be popularized and replicated at the forest farm level, providing references for the revision of technical specifications for forest management plan preparation.[Method]The research team conducted extensive on-site surveys and analyses at the Hanjiayuan Forest Farm. Based on their findings, a comprehensive set of technical measures was proposed to address existing issues and inadequacies in forest resources. These measures include conventional silvicultural operations such as thinning, pruning, weeding, replanting food source species, and branch trimming, along with newly introduced soil and water conservation measures like coppicing of aged shrubs, creation of water sources or water storage areas, construction of shelters, preservation of animal trails, and the establishment of ecological corridors. The plan formulation process adhered to the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and central ecological civilization construction principles, focusing on sustainable forest management and the recovery and protection of biodiversity.[Result]Implementing the suite of habitat restoration and enhancement management measures led to significant improvements in the forest ecosystem at Hanjiayuan Forest Farm. Feeding grounds, habitats, water sources, and hiding places for animals were perfected, and the construction of ecological corridors facilitated species migration and gene flow, resulting in a marked enhancement of biodiversity. Optimized forest structure, improved forest quality, and strengthened ecological service functions were observed, achieving a harmonization of economic, ecological, and social benefits. Moreover, the stable growth of forest resources and maximization of benefits became feasible, laying a solid foundation for sustainable forest development.[Conclusion]Through the implementation of a forest management plan based on habitat restoration and enhancement, Hanjiayuan Forest Farm successfully cultivated a healthy, stable, high-quality, and multifunctional forest ecosystem. This model, proven effective at Hanjiayuan, holds potential for promotion and replication in other forest farms, providing valuable references for forest management plan formulation. The study underscores the significance of integrating forest management with biodiversity conservation, demonstrating that such integration can effectively improve natural ecological environments and living conditions for wildlife, yielding favorable ecological, social, and economic benefits. Furthermore, it illustrates that efficient and reasonable forest management not only elevates forest quality and consolidates forest functions but also provides a robust foundation for biodiversity, aligning with China's current ecological protection strategy and the new phase of biodiversity conservation.