环境因子对多花黄精有效成分影响研究
[目的]为探明影响多花黄精根茎中多糖和皂苷这两种次生代谢物含量的关键生态环境因子，揭示适宜多花黄精生长区域的生态环境特征，为合理开发和有效保护多花黄精药用植物资源提供依据。[方法]以全国 14 个分布在不同行政区域的多花黄精为研究对象，比较分析了不同分布区域下多花黄精根茎中多糖和皂苷的差异，并利用灰色关联度分析研究了其与生态环境因子之间的关系。[结果]结果表明:不同分布区域的多花黄精根茎中多糖和皂苷含量差异显著，黄精多糖含量的质量分数为 1.57%～15.57%，黄精皂苷含量的质量分数为2.27%～3.60%，其中分布在安徽祁门的黄精多糖含量最高、江西赣州的黄精皂苷含量最高，质量分数分别达 15.57%和3.60%;黄精皂苷含量和黄精多糖含量相关性不显著;影响黄精多糖含量的主导生态环境因子是无霜期、年平均温度和年降水量，影响黄精皂苷含量的主导生态环境因子是 7月平均温度、无霜期和年日照时数。[结论]为多花黄精高品质药材适宜种植区选择及其道地性药材产生原因分析提供科学依据和理论支持。
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is an herb in the Liliaceae family.Its dried rhizome comprises a traditional and rare Chinese medicinal material.The polysaccharide and saponin contents in the rhizomes of P.cyrtonema were compared among plants from 14 administrative regions of China,and their relationships with climate factors were studied using gray correlation analysis.The polysaccharide and saponin contents in the rhizomes of P.cyrtonema were significantly different among regions(p<0.05).The mass fractions of the polysaccharide and saponin contents were 1.57-15.57%and 2.27-3.60%,respectively.The highest polysaccharide and saponin contents were in Qimen,Anhui Province,and Ganzhou,Jianxi Province,with mass fraction values of 15.57±0.24%and 3.60±0.25%,respectively.There was no significant correlation between the saponin and polysaccharide contents of P.cyrtonema(p>0.05).The primary climate factors affecting polysaccharide content were duration of the frost-free season,annual mean air temperature,and annual precipitation,and the dominant climate factors affecting saponin content were mean air temperature in July,duration of the frost-free season,and annual sunshine hours.To cultivate native medicinal Polygonatum species with high polysaccharide contents,regions with frost-free season,annual mean air temperature,and annual precipitation similar to those of Qimen,Anhui Province,should be selected.Regions with mean air temperature in July,frost-free season,and annual sunshine hours similar to those of Ganzhou,Jiangxi Province,should be selected to cultivate Polygonatum species with high saponin contents.
周新华;
Polygonatum cyrtonema climate factors polysaccharide saponin gray correlation degree
1225-1231 / 7
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