高州油茶花芽分化期内源物质差异研究

[Objective]To explore the dynamic changes in flower bud morphology and endogenous substances during the flower bud differentiation period in Camellia drupifera plants with similar phenological and growth indicators but significant differences in fruit yield,aiming to provide theoretical references and technical support for regulating flower bud differentiation and enhancing yield in C.drupifera[Method]Using"High Yield-HY"and"Low Yield-LY"C.drupifera plants with significant differences in fruit yield over multiple years as materials,we conducted quantitative comparative analyses on flower bud morphology,soluble sugars,soluble proteins,starch,and endogenous hormones during the flower bud differentiation period.[Result]The flower bud differentiation period for both HY and LY C.drupifera plants ranged from June to October,with LY being more active in the morphological differentiation stage and HY being more active in the reproductive differentiation stage.During the morphological differentiation stage,LY flower buds exhibited higher NSC content and soluble sugar/starch ratio compared to HY,while during the reproductive differentiation stage,HY consumed more soluble sugars,with a higher C/N ratio than LY.In October(mature stamen and pistil stage),HY flower buds showed significantly higher soluble protein content than LY,suggesting that high levels of soluble proteins promote flowering in C.drupifera.During the morphological differentiation stage,CTK and ETH showed a positive correlation with flower bud morphological differentiation,while IAA showed a negative correlation.During the reproductive differentiation stage,IAA,ETH,and BR showed a positive correlation with flower bud reproductive differentiation,whereas CTK showed a negative correlation.Significant differences were observed in IAA,ETH,BR,and JA content between HY and LY during the mature stamen and pistil stage.[Conclusion]There are critical period differences in flower bud differentiation between HY and LY C.drupifera plants.High levels of soluble sugars and soluble proteins during the reproductive differentiation period favor flower bud differentiation.Additionally,hormonal functions vary during different stages of flower bud differentiation,where CTK and ETH promote flower bud morphological differentiation,while IAA,ETH,and BR promote reproductive differentiation of flower buds in C.drupifera.