Unraveling the novel sex determination genotype with"ZY"and a distinctive 2.15-2.95 Mb inversion among poplar species through haplotype-resolved genome assembly and comparative genomics analysis
Unraveling the novel sex determination genotype with"ZY"and a distinctive 2.15-2.95 Mb inversion among poplar species through haplotype-resolved genome assembly and comparative genomics analysis
Populus tomentosa,an indigenous tree species,is widely distributed and cultivated over 1,000,000 km2 in China,contributing significantly to forest production,ecological conservation,and urban-rural greening.Although a reference genome is available for P.tomentosa,the intricate interspecific hybrid origins,chromosome structural variations and sex determination mechanisms remain confusion and unclear due to its broad and even overlapping geographical distribution,extensive morphological variations,and cross infiltration among white poplar species.We conducted a haplotype-resolved de novo assembly of P.tomentosa elite individual GM107,which comprises subgenomes a and b with a total genome size of 714.9 Mb.We then analyzed the formation of hybrid species and the phylogenetic evolution and sex differentiation across the entire genus.Phylogenomic analyses suggested that GM107 likely originated from a hybridization event between P.alba(♀)and P.davidiana(♂)approximately 3.8 Mya.A total of 1,551 chromosome structural variations were identified between the two subgenomes.More noteworthily,a distinctive inversion structure spanning 2.15-2.95 Mb was unveiled among Populus,Tacamahaca,Turaga,Aigeiros poplar species,and Salix,highlighting a unique evolutionary feature.Intriguingly,a novel sex genotype of the ZY type,which represents a crossover between XY and ZW systems,was identified and confirmed through both natural and artificial hybrids populations.These novel insights offer significant theoretical value for the study of the species'evolutionary origins and serve as a valuable resource for ecological genetics and forest biotechnology.
Juan Li;Tingting Chen;Kai Gao;Yinxuan Xue;Ruqian Wu;Bin Guo;Zhong Chen;Shanwen Li;Ren-Gang Zhang;Kai-Hua Jia;Jian-Feng Mao;Xinmin An;
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China##School of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China##Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Fuyang,Hangzhou 311400,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China##Shanxi Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences,Taiyuan 030012,China;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China##Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing,100083,China;Shandong Academy of Forestry,Jinan 250014,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations/Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650201,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement&Ecology and Physiology,Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Department of Plant Physiology,Umeå Plant Science Centre,Umeå University,SE-901 87 Umeå,Sweden;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design,College of Biological,Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;
Populus tomentosa haplotype-resolved genome assembly chromosome structural variations parental origin sex determination interspecific hybrid
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