氮肥对芳樟幼苗生长、光合特性及叶精油产量的影响
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics,and essential oil of linalool type of Cinnamomum camphora
[目的]为探究不同氮肥(N)水平对芳樟幼苗生长、光合特性和叶精油质量的影响，确定最适宜芳樟幼苗生长的氮肥施用量，为芳樟工业原料林定向培育和优质高效栽培提供理论依据。[方法]以2年生芳樟幼苗为研究对象，采用单因素随机试验，设置不同用量的N肥及不施肥空白对照CK，分析施肥对芳樟幼苗生长、光合特性及叶精油含量的影响。[结果](1)N肥能显著提高芳樟幼苗苗高、地径净生长量、根、茎、叶及全株生物量(P<0.05)，且随着N肥施用量的增加，苗高、地径的净生长量表现出先增加后减小的趋势。(2)N肥处理后叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(WUE)、表观量子效率(AQY)、最大净光合速率(Pmax)、光饱和点(Isp)、光补偿点(Icp)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)和叶绿素含量均有不同程度的增加，表明适量施用氮肥可以提高芳樟幼苗的光合能力，但过量或不足均不利于幼苗生长。(3)不同施肥处理对叶精油的得油率影响不显著，但能显著提高叶片芳樟醇产量(P<0.05)。(4)相关性分析结果表明，芳樟醇产量与AQY、Pmax、Lsp、Rd呈显著正相关，与Ci呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。(5)将芳樟幼苗生长指标及芳樟醇产量与 N 施用量的关系拟合成一元二次回归方程，得出芳樟幼苗的最佳N肥施用量应为6.44～7.73 g/株。
[Objective]This study is aimed to study the effects of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer(N)on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics and leaf essential oil quality of linalool type of C.camphora,and to determine the most suitable amount of nitrogen fertilizer application for the seedling's growth of Aromatic camphor seedlings,and to provide a theoretical basis for the oriented cultivation of Aromatic camphor industrial raw material forests and high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation.[Method]2-year-old linalool type of C.camphora cuttings were used as the research materials,and a one-way randomized test was used to analyze the effects of different N fertilizer on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics and leaf essential oil content of C.camphor.[Result]:(1)N fertilizer could significantly increase the growth of height,ground diameter,and the biomass of whole plant,roots,stems and leaves of linalool type of C.camphora(P<0.05).With the increasing of N fertilizer application,the net growth of seedling height and ground diameter showed a increasing firstly and then decreasing trend.(2)The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(gs),transpiration rate(Tr),water use efficiency(WUE),apparent quantum efficiency(AQY),maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pmax),light saturation point(Isp),light compensation point(Icp),rate of dark respiration(Rd),and chlorophyll content of the leaves after N fertilization were increased with different degrees,indicating that moderate application of N fertilizer could improve the photosynthetic capacity of linalool type of C.camphora,but excessive or insufficient supplement was adverse to plant growth.(3)The effect of different fertilization treatments on the oil yield of leaf essential oil was not significant,but N supplement could significantly increase the linalool yield of leaves(P<0.05).(4)The results of correlation analysis showed that linalool yield was significantly positively correlated with AQY,Pmax,Lsp and Rd,and significantly negatively correlated with Ci(P<0.05).(5)The relationship between the growth indexes and linalool production and N application rate of linalool type of C.camphora was synthesized into a quadratic regression equation,which showed the optimal N fertilizer application rat was 6.44～7.73 g/plant.
董恩元;章挺;伍艳芳;张月婷;刘新亮;
江西农业大学林学院,江西 南昌 330045;江西农业大学林学院,江西 南昌 330045##江西省林业科学院,国家林业草原樟树工程技术研究中心,江西 南昌 330013;江西省林业科学院,国家林业草原樟树工程技术研究中心,江西 南昌 330013;江西省林业科学院,国家林业草原樟树工程技术研究中心,江西 南昌 330013;江西省林业科学院,国家林业草原樟树工程技术研究中心,江西 南昌 330013;
N fertilizer Linalool type of C.camphora Growth Photosynthetic characteristics Leaf essential oil
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