宁夏不同生态区对杠柳的药用有效成分的影响

[Objective]To investigate the main factors influencing the medicinal active ingredients of Periploca sepium in its habitats.[Method]Four different habitat sites in Ningxia region were selected for field investigation and sample collection.Geographical and meteorological data of each region were reviewed.Data were obtained through indoor biochemical experiments and analyzed subsequently.[Result]The total flavonoid content in the root bark followed this order:Site 1(50.02 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 3(43.77 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 2(43.63 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 4(27.64 mg·g⁻¹),with an average content of 41.27 mg·g⁻¹.The total polysaccharide content was in the order:Site 3(1.57 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 4(1.12 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 2(1.09 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 1(0.47 mg·g⁻¹),averaging 1.06 mg·g⁻¹.The saponin content ranked as:Site 3(57.53 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 1(57.04 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 4(37.14 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 2(37.00 mg·g⁻¹),with an average of 47.18 mg·g⁻¹.The periplocoside content was:Site 3(1.46 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 2(1.36 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 1(1.22 mg·g⁻¹)>Site 4(0.48 mg·g⁻¹),averaging 1.13 mg·g⁻¹.The 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde content in the root bark of the four sites was:Site 2(12.15 mg·g⁻¹,1.22%)>Site 4(7.98 mg·g⁻¹,0.80%)>Site 3(5.91 mg·g⁻¹,0.59%)>Site 1(0.83 mg·g⁻¹,0.08%),averaging 6.72 mg·g⁻¹(0.67%).[Conclusion]There are significant differences in the content of medicinal active ingredients in the root bark of Periploca sepium grown in different habitats.The content of 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde in the root bark of Sites 2(1.22%),3(0.59%),and 4(0.80%)meets the pharmacopoeia standards,suggesting that the quality of Periploca sepium(Xiangjiapi)in these three ecological regions may be better.Studies on the relationship between Periploca sepium and various ecological factors in its habitats indicate that altitude,precipitation,temperature,evapotranspiration,and soil factors are highly correlated with the biological characteristics and active ingredients of Periploca sepium,which is closely related to its growth habits.Comprehensive analysis suggests that a certain range of altitude,weakly alkaline soil,and well-lit environments are important conditions for the growth of Periploca sepium.Moreover,sufficient water conditions and appropriate phosphorus and potassium elements are more conducive to the growth and development of Periploca sepium as well as the synthesis of its chemical components.Therefore,when selecting sites for the wild cultivation and ecological planting bases of Periploca sepium,suitable ecological conditions for its growth should be fully considered,and rational and effective layouts for medicinal material production should be carried out in combination with the actual conditions of the producing areas.(3)There are significant differences in the quality of Periploca sepium in different ecological regions.Among them,the quality of Periploca sepium(Xiangjiapi)in the Hongsipu area is better and can be used as a wild cultivation resource to establish wild-simulated cultivation and medicinal material production bases.In the southern mountainous areas,which are relatively remote and have a humid climate with abundant resource reserves,ecological planting bases can be established.