头黄河湿地2017-2021年水质演变趋势分析及湿地管理建议

In this study,the water quality monitoring data of Baotou Yellow River Wetland Ecological Station from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed in depth,aiming to explore the changes of water quality and its influencing factors in this area,and put forward corresponding decision-making suggestions to promote the improvement of wetland water quality and ecosystem services.As an important ecosystem,wetland water quality is directly related to ecological balance and biodiversity.However,with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization,the Yellow River wetland is facing the challenge of water pollution.In this paper,the statistical analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the key water quality indicators such as total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),ammonianitrogen,chemical oxygen demand(COD)and dissolved oxygen(DO). The results showed that the concentrations of total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)decreased year by year during the study period.The mean value of total nitrogen in 2021 decreased to below 2.0 mg/L,and total phosphorus decreased significantly from 0.39 mg/L in 2017 to 0.08 mg/L i n 2021.The concentration of ammonia nitrogen fluctuated greatly from 2017 to 2021,and the mean value in 2018 was significantly lower than that in other years,which may be related to the weakening of water mobility in the dry season of that year.The chemical oxygen demand(COD)decreased year by year from 131.46 mg/L in 2017 to 45.45 mg/L in 2020,but increased slightly to 63.50 mg/L in 2021.The concentration of dissolved oxygen(DO)fluctuated greatly during the monitoring period,ranging from 7.498 to 5.487 mg/L. Based on the analysis of water quality monitoring data,this paper puts forward a series of decision-making suggestions.First of all,the continuity of water quality monitoring is very important,especially for the monitoring of ammonia nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand.The fluctuation of these indicators needs our close attention.It is recommended to strengthen monitoring frequency and use modern technology for real-time data collection and analysis in order to quickly identify problems and take action.Secondly,controlling pollution sources is the basis for long-term improvement of water quality.It is necessary to conduct in-depth investigations of possible pollution sources,such as agricultural activities,industrial emissions and domestic sewage,and implement stricter emission standards and sewage treatment measures.This will help reduce pollutant emissions and provide a solid foundation for the improvement of wetland water quality.Secondly,the implementation of ecological restoration projects is crucial for improving and restoring wetland ecosystems.It is suggested to carry out projects such as vegetation restoration,water connectivity improvement and biodiversity increase to improve the self-purification capacity and ecological service function of wetlands.These measures will contribute to the restoration of wetland ecosystems and maintain their ecological balance.At the same time,popular science education and public participation,policy formulation and implementation,and long-term planning are equally important.Through the implementation of these comprehensive measures,we can expect that the water quality of the Yellow River wetland in Baotou will be further improved,the health of the ecosystem will be guaranteed,and long-term benefits will be brought to the local community and the public. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of water quality in Baotou Yellow River wetland,but also provides a scientific basis for the protection and restoration of wetland ecosystem.Comprehensive monitoring,management and restoration measures can effectively protect and restore wetland ecosystems,promote the protection of biodiversity,and make important contributions to the realization of regional sustainable development goals.