固碳增汇目标下北方防沙带山水林田湖草沙生态保护修复分区研究

[Objective]The Northern Sand-Prevention Belt is a key and difficult area for the implementation of the integrated protection and restoration project for mountains,water,forests,farmlands,lakes,grasses and sands.The ecosystem in this region is sensitive and fragile,with a large number of damaged natural ecosystems in urgent need of restoration,and the lack of systematic,holistic and regional management has led to inefficient resource allocation.Under the goal of carbon sequestration and sink enhancement,with the ecosystem carbon sequestration function,life community coupling coordination and ecological security as the core,we will comprehensively carry out the identification of ecological protection and restoration zones of mountains,water,forests,fields,lakes,grasses and sands in the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt,and put forward a differentiated protection and restoration strategy,so as to realize the sustainable enhancement of regional carbon sequestration function,and to provide support for systematic governance of the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt.[Method]This article uses the concept of"ecological evaluation,problem diagnosis,and zonal policy implementation"to separate the integrated protection and restoration regions of mountains,water,forests,lakes,grasses,and sands in the northern sand control belt under the heading of carbon sinks.First,we compute the ecosystem carbon stock,quantify the level of life community coupling coordination,and evaluate the ecological risk index.The patterns of the aforementioned three indicators were then combined with the present features to create the ecological zones,and distinct preservation and restoration measures were suggested.[Result]1)The life community of mountains,water,forests,lakes,lakes,grasses and sands in the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt is on the verge of dislocation,and the degree of coordination of the coupling of the life community has increased by 0.0053 from 2000 to 2020;2)During the study period,the carbon stock in the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt fluctuated down by 26.69 Tg,and the distribution of carbon sequestration function showed the characteristic of high in the east and low in the west,with grassland contributing the most to the ecosystem carbon stock;3)the ecological risk of the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt showed the characteristic of high in the middle and west and low in the east,and the fluctuation of the ecological risk index of the landscape decreased by 0.004 during the study period;4)Nine types of zones are categorized into priority and key zones for upgrading and improvement,key zones and general zones for conservation and nourishment,key zones and general zones for control and protection,priority zones and key zones for restoration and management,and general zones by combining the coordination of life community coupling,carbon sequestration function,and ecological risk.With zonal management and precision policymaking,this can help the combined protection and restoration of the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt's mountains,water,forests,lakes,grasslands,and sands.[Conclusion]The coordination of the coupled life community of mountains,water,forests,fields,lakes,grasses and sands in the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt has gradually improved,the fluctuation of ecosystem carbon sequestration has decreased,and the regional ecological security has generally improved.According to the results of zonal identification,the Tarim River Basin,the eastern part of the Inner Mongolia Plateau Region and the northwestern part of the Hexi Corridor in the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt should focus on restoration and management strategies,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei mountainous plains and the central and western parts of the Inner Mongolia Plateau Region should focus on conservation and nourishment strategies,and the areas focusing on control and protection and improvement and quality enhancement strategies should be scattered in the Tianshan Mountains,Altay Mountains,and the central part of the Inner Mongolia Plateau Region.