湘西武陵石漠化不同造林修复模式土壤理化特性分析
Analysis of Soil Physicochemical Characteristics of Different Afforestation Modes in Rocky Desertification of western Hunan Wuling,China
[目的]为检测湘西武陵石漠化造林成效，选择出石漠化最佳造林配置修复模式。[方法]以桑植县石漠化 6 个不同修复模式林地为研究对象，分析各修复模式土壤理化特性及差异，并进行土壤质量综合评价。[结果]石漠化不同植被修复模式土壤理化特性差异明显，5 种造林修复模式的土壤毛管孔隙度、容重、速效P、速效K及有机质含量与对照模式(荒山荒地)之间均存在显著性差异，其他理化指标在部分模式与对照之间也存在显著差异。土壤容重与其他理化指标均呈负相关，土壤全N、全P、全K、碱解N、有机质及其他 3 个物理指标间均呈正相关。主成分分析权重系数均超过 0.8 的指标有全N、全K、速效K、有机质、总孔隙度、容重、含水率、毛管孔隙度，表明这些指标可以作为研究区土壤理化特性的主要表征指标。土壤质量综合评分结果表明，6 个植被修复模式得分排序为:5 针+5 阔＞3 针+7阔＞针叶林＞7 针+3 阔＞阔叶林＞CK(荒山荒地)。[结论]植树造林有利于改善石漠化区土壤质量，通过近 30 年的植物修复，石漠化土壤养分水平得到了显著提高，除碱解N、全P含量尚处于较低水平外，其他养分指标均恢复到中上及以上水平。
[Objective]The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of afforestation for rocky desertification in Wuling,selected the best plant configuration restoration mode of rocky desertification area of western Hunan,China.[Method]In Sangzhi county,took the forest land of different restoration modes of rocky desertification in Sangzhi County as the research object,compared the soil physiochemical properties and differences of each restoration mode,and comprehensive evaluation of soil quality of each mode.[Result]in the study area,the soil physiochemical properties of rocky desertification forest land in different restoration modes were significantly different.There were significant differences in soil bulk density,capillary porosity,organic matter,available P and available K content between the five afforestation restoration modes and the control mode.There were also significant differences in other physical and chemical indicators between some models and the control.Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with other physiochemical indicators,indicating that the greater the soil bulk density,the lower the various nutrient contents.The soil water content,total porosity,capillary porosity and organic matter,total N,alkali-hydrolyzable N,total P and total K content of rocky desertification forest land were positively correlated with each other.Principal component analysis showed that the weight coefficients of bulk density,water content,total porosity,capillary porosity,total N,total K,available K and organic matter content of rocky desertification forest land were larger than 0.8,indicating that these indexes were the main indexes to characterize the physiochemical properties of soil in rocky desertification forest land.The comprehensive evaluation of soil quality of each mode was comprehensively scored,and the mode score was order as 5 coniferous+5 broad-leaved>3 coniferous+7 broad-leaved>coniferous forest>7 coniferous+3 broad-leaved>broad-leaved forest>CK(barren hills and wasteland).[Conclusion]Our results demonstrated that afforestation was beneficial to improve the soil quality in rocky desertification area,through nearly 30 years of phytoremediation,the nutrient level of rocky desertification soil has been significantly improved.Except that the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable N and total P were still keep a low level,other nutrient indicators have risen to the upper-middle and above levels.
李贵;陈瑞;吴敏;刘振华;童方平;刘森;邓芫礼;
湖南省林业科学院,长沙 410004;湖南省林业科学院,长沙 410004;湖南省林业科学院,长沙 410004;湖南省林业科学院,长沙 410004;湖南省林业科学院,长沙 410004;中南林业科技大学,长沙 410004;中南林业科技大学,长沙 410004;
Sangzhi county rocky desertification restoration mode soil physiochemical
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